Archaeological Center of Puka Pukara | Cusco

Archaeological Center of Puka Pukara | Cusco

Puka Pukara is an archaeological site located in the department of Cusco, Peru. It is located about 8 kilometers northeast of the city of Cusco, near the famous Sacsayhuaman complex. “Puka Pukara” means “red fortress” in Quechua, and is a place of historical and tourist interest due to its impressive Inca ruins and the beautiful views it offers of the surrounding area.

“Puka Pukara” is a phrase in Quechua, the indigenous language of the Andes, meaning “red fortress”. The word “puka” translates as “red” and “pukara” translates as “fortress” or “fortification”. Therefore, “Puka Pukara” refers to a fortress built with red-colored stones in the Andean region of Peru. This archaeological site bears this name due to the reddish color of the rocks used in its construction.

History of Puka Pukara

Puka Pukara is an archaeological site located in the department of Cusco, Peru, and is part of the complex of Inca sites near the city of Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire. Although the exact date of its construction is not known with certainty, it is believed that Puka Pukara was built during the period of the Inca Empire, possibly during the reign of Emperor Pachacutec (15th century).

This site is considered a fortress or military checkpoint due to its strategic location on a hill overlooking the surrounding valley and roads to and from the city of Cusco. The structure of Puka Pukara includes stone walls, terraces, plazas and defense systems, suggesting its military and administrative function.

It is believed that Puka Pukara may have been used as part of the Inca Empire’s defense system, as well as a resting place for the emperors and their entourage during their travels between Cusco and the Sacred Valley of the Incas. Some researchers suggest that it may also have had functions related to controlling access to the nearby hot springs.

Today, Puka Pukara is a popular tourist destination in the Cusco region, where visitors can explore the ruins, learn about the history of the site and enjoy the breathtaking views of the surrounding area. Its historical and architectural importance makes it a highlight on tourist circuits in the area.

How to get to Puka Pukara Archaeological Center in Cusco?

To get to Puka Pukara from the city of Cusco, generally take the road that leads northeast towards the city of Pisac. Here is a step by step guide to get there from the center of Cusco:

1. Transportation: You can opt for different transportation options, such as cabs, tourist buses or organized tours. Many tourists prefer to take a cab or hire a tour for convenience and ease.
2. Cab: You can take a cab from downtown Cusco to Puka Pukara. It is important to agree on the price with the driver before starting the trip. Cab drivers can often wait while you explore the site and then take you back to Cusco.
3. Tourist bus: Some tour companies offer tours that include Puka Pukara in their itinerary. These tours usually pick up passengers at hotels or designated locations in central Cusco and take them to various nearby archaeological sites, including Puka Pukara.
4. Hiking or biking: For those who enjoy adventure and are willing to explore the area on their own, it is also possible to reach Puka Pukara by hiking or biking. However, be aware that the distance and terrain can be challenging, so be sure to be physically prepared and bring water and sun protection.

Once at Puka Pukara, you can purchase tickets to enter the site and then explore at your own pace, following the trails and designated visitor areas. Remember to check the opening and closing times of the site, as well as any relevant information on rules and regulations for visitors.

Recommendations to visit Puka Pukara

Here are some recommendations for your visit to Puka Pukara:

1. Visiting hours: Check the opening and closing times of the site before planning your visit. Make sure you arrive with enough time to explore the site without feeling rushed.
2. Protect yourself from the sun: The weather in Cusco can be sunny and the archaeological site may lack shade. Wear sunscreen, a hat and appropriate clothing to protect yourself from the sun and avoid sunburn.
3. Bring water and snacks: It is important to stay hydrated while exploring Puka Pukara, especially if you visit during the hottest hours of the day. Bring enough water and some light snacks with you to keep your energy up.
4. Comfortable footwear: Surfaces can be uneven and rocky, so be sure to wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking, preferably with non-slip soles.
5. Respect for the site: Puka Pukara is an important archaeological site and you should treat it with respect. Do not touch or move the structures or stones, and follow the indications of the informative signs and the site staff.
6. Explore with care: Some parts of the site may be steep or have uneven steps. Be careful when walking and avoid running or making sudden movements that could cause injury.
7. Enjoy the views: Puka Pukara offers beautiful views of the surrounding landscape, so be sure to take the time to enjoy them. Bring a camera or your cell phone to capture some memories of your visit.
8. Learn about the history: Before your visit, do some research on the history and cultural significance of Puka Pukara. This will help you better appreciate the site as you explore it.

By following these recommendations, you will have a safer and more enjoyable experience while visiting Puka Pukara.