Citadel of Pañamarca | Ancash
LOCATION
The Citadel of Pañamarca | Ancash is located in the region of Ancash, in the South American country of Peru. It is specifically in the province of Bolognesi, in the district of Aquia. The region of Ancash is located in the central part of the country, and is known for its cultural and historical richness, as well as for its impressive mountainous landscape that is part of the Andes Mountains. The Citadel of Pañamarca is situated in a mountainous environment, which adds even more attraction to your visit, both for its archaeological importance and its natural beauty.
What do the images on the murals of pañamarca mean?
They are known for their zoomorphic and anthropomorphic representations, as well as for their geometric designs. These images have a great importance in the context of the Chavín culture, since they reflect the religious and cosmogonic beliefs of this ancient people.
In the murals of Pañamarca, we can see figures of animals such as snakes, birds and felines, as well as stylised anthropomorphic beings and symbolic elements. These representations could be related to important deities or spirits in the Chavín cosmovision. These deities were possibly associated with nature, water, fertility or the supernatural world.
The geometric designs present in the murals are also significant. These designs may have symbolic connotations related to cosmic order, duality or the interconnection between the earthly and spiritual worlds.
The murals of Pañamarca offer a fascinating window into the religion and iconography of the Chavín culture. These murals provide important clues to the beliefs and ceremonial practices of this ancient civilisation.
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Who discovered Pañamarca?
The Citadel of Pañamarca was discovered by the Peruvian archaeologist Julio C. Tello in the 1930s. Julio C. Tello is considered one of the pioneers in Peruvian archaeology and played a crucial role in the investigation and preservation of the country’s archaeological heritage. His work at the Pañamarca Citadel contributed significantly to the knowledge about the Chavín culture and its influence in the Andean region of Peru.
History
The Citadel of Pañamarca in Ancash is a pre-Hispanic construction that is believed to have been erected by Moche masons around the 6th century AD, during the Late Formative period and the First Regional Development, in the Early Intermediate stage.
It was discovered in 1958 after the discovery of a mural painting. Also known as Fortaleza de Tierra Firme and Pañamarquilla, it is located in the Nepeña valley, 22 kilometers from the city of Chimbote, province of Santa, Ancash, in Peru. Experts such as Lucio Bonavia have studied this archaeological site associated with the Moche culture.
The Citadel of Pañamarca is a testimony to the architectural skill and knowledge of the ancient inhabitants of the region. It is composed of a series of stone structures, stepped terraces and platforms that extend along the side of a hill. These constructions show careful planning and advanced technique in the manipulation of stone.
The historical importance of the Citadel of Pañamarca lies in its association with the Moche culture, which was one of the most outstanding civilisations of ancient America.
The Moche were characterised by their artistic, architectural and technological development, as well as by their complex social organisation and their economy based on agriculture and fishing.
It has also been the subject of archaeological research and has revealed important finds, such as ceramics, textiles and ritual objects. These discoveries have contributed to our knowledge of the Moche culture and its interaction with other ancient societies in the region.
