Palenque Archaeological Zone

Location

The Palenque Archaeological Zone is located in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, in the region of the Lacandon Jungle, near the Usumacinta River and about 8 km from the modern city of Palenque.

History

It was one of the most important cities of the Maya civilization, reaching its peak between the 6th and 8th centuries AD. It served as a political, religious, and cultural center. The city was abandoned around the 9th century and was covered by the jungle until its rediscovery in the 18th century.

Entrance Fees

The entrance fee is approximately $85 MXN for adults. On Sundays, entrance is free for Mexican citizens and permanent residents.

Number of Pyramids

The site has several pyramidal structures, with notable ones including the Temple of the Inscriptions, the Temple of the Sun, the Temple of the Foliated Cross, and the Temple of the Cross.

Size of the Archaeological Zone

It covers approximately 2.5 square kilometers, although it is estimated that only a small part has been excavated, leaving many remains still to be discovered in the surrounding jungle.

Meaning and Origin of the Name

The current name derives from Spanish and means “fortress” or “palisade.” The original Maya name of the site was “Lakamha,” which translates to “Place of the Big Water.”

Function of the Pyramids

The pyramids, such as the Temple of the Inscriptions, had ceremonial, religious, and funerary functions. This temple, for example, is the tomb of the great ruler K’inich Janaab’ Pakal.

What to Do in a Day

• Visit the Temple of the Inscriptions to see Pakal’s tomb.
• Explore the Palace with its elaborate corridors and sculptures.
• Tour the Group of the Cross, including the Temple of the Cross and the Temple of the Sun.
• Visit the Site Museum, where important artifacts are exhibited.
• Jungle Walks: Observe the local flora and fauna.

Duration of the Tour

A typical tour of the ruins can last between 3 to 5 hours, depending on the visitor’s interest and pace.

Foundation and Creators

The city was founded by the Maya civilization around 100 BC. One of its most famous rulers was K’inich Janaab’ Pakal, who reigned during the 7th century and under whose rule many of the most important structures were built.

Spoken Language

The Chol language, one of the Maya languages, was spoken. Today, Spanish is the predominant language, although Chol is still spoken in nearby Maya communities.

This information provides a comprehensive overview of the archaeological site and will help you plan an enriching visit.