Sacsayhuaman Inca Fortress | Cusco
Where is the fortress of Sacsayhuaman?
The fortress of Sacsayhuaman is located on the outskirts of the city of Cusco, in the Andean region of Peru. It is a short distance from the center of the city of Cusco, about 2 kilometers north of the Plaza de Armas, the main square of the city. Sacsayhuaman is situated on a hill overlooking the city of Cusco, giving it a strategic position with breathtaking panoramic views of the city and its surroundings. This fortress is one of the most important archaeological sites in the region and is a common stop for tourists visiting Cusco and the Sacred Valley of the Incas.
The altitude of Sacsayhuaman varies within the complex, but in general it is at an approximate altitude of around 3,700 meters above sea level (approximately 12,139 feet). This makes it one of the most important archaeological sites in the region of Cusco, Peru, located at a considerable altitude in the Andes.
History of the Sacsayhuaman Ruins
The ruins of Sacsayhuaman have a fascinating history dating back to the time of the Inca Empire in the 15th century. Here is a summary of its history:
Inca construction
Sacsayhuaman was built during the reign of the ninth Inca, Pachacutec, in the 15th century. It was one of the most impressive constructions of the empire and served both ceremonial and defensive functions. The construction of Sacsayhuamán took decades and was carried out using the Inca stone construction technique called “ashlar”, which consisted of fitting the stones together perfectly without the use of mortar.
Defensive Function
Sacsayhuaman’s strategic location on a hill above the city of Cusco gave it an important defensive function. The structure was part of the complex defense system of the city and was designed to protect it from possible invasions.
Battle of Sacsayhuaman
In 1536, during the Spanish conquest, Sacsayhuaman was the scene of an important battle between the Incas and the Spanish conquerors. Despite the brave resistance of the Incas, led by the Inca leader Manco Inca Yupanqui, the Spaniards finally managed to take control of the fortress.
Colonial Reuse
After the Spanish conquest, the Spanish reused the stones from Sacsayhuaman to build colonial structures in the city of Cusco. Many of the stones from Sacsayhuaman were taken and used in the construction of Spanish buildings in Cusco, which caused the original structure to be considerably reduced.
Current Recognition
Despite the partial destruction caused by the Spanish, Sacsayhuaman remains one of the most impressive structures of the Inca empire and an important archaeological site in Peru. Today, it is a popular tourist destination and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the city of Cusco and other nearby Inca ruins. Visitors can explore the impressive terraces, walls and structures of Sacsayhuaman and learn about its fascinating history.
How to get to the Sacsayhuaman Inca Fortress | Cusco?
Getting to Sacsayhuaman from the center of the city of Cusco is quite simple, as it is located a short distance away and is a popular tourist destination. Here is how to get there:
On foot from the center of Cusco
If you are staying in the center of Cusco, you can reach Sacsayhuaman on foot. The walk to the ruins from the Plaza de Armas, Cusco’s main square, will take approximately 20 to 30 minutes, depending on your pace and where you are in the center.
By cab
Another option is to take a cab from downtown Cusco to Sacsayhuaman. Cabs are plentiful in the city and it is possible to negotiate the fare with the driver before getting into the cab. The cab ride from the center of Cusco to Sacsayhuaman will take about 10 to 15 minutes, depending on traffic.
By organized tour
Many travel agencies in Cusco offer organized tours to Sacsayhuaman as part of a tour of the main archaeological sites in the region. These tours usually include transportation to and from your hotel in Cusco, as well as entrance to Sacsayhuaman and the guide of an expert who will provide you with information about the history and culture of the site.
Regardless of the means of transportation you choose, getting to Sacsayhuaman from downtown Cusco is relatively easy and will allow you to explore these impressive Inca ruins and learn about their fascinating history.
Recommendations for visiting the fortress of Sacsayhuaman
Here are some recommendations to make your visit to the Sacsayhuaman fortress even more rewarding:
Protect yourself from the sun and the weather
The sun at high altitudes can be intense, so be sure to wear sunscreen, a hat or cap, and bring a bottle of water to keep you hydrated. It is also useful to bring a light jacket, as the weather can be cool, especially in the mornings and evenings.
Comfortable shoes
Sacsayhuaman is a large archaeological site and you can expect to walk quite a bit to explore all areas. Be sure to wear comfortable, sturdy walking shoes, as the terrain can be uneven and rocky in places.
Buy the tourist ticket
To enter Sacsayhuaman, you will need to purchase a tourist ticket that allows you access to various archaeological sites and museums in and around Cusco. This ticket can be purchased at the Cusco Tourist Office or at the archaeological sites included in the ticket.
Guided tour
Consider hiring the services of a local tour guide for a more enriching experience during your visit. A guide can provide you with detailed information about the history, architecture and culture of Sacsayhuaman, which will help you better appreciate the site.
Explore at your leisure
Sacsayhuaman is an impressive place with much to see and explore. Take your time to walk around the site, admire the architecture and the panoramic views of Cusco. Don’t rush and enjoy the quiet and majestic atmosphere of the fortress.
Respect for the environment
Help preserve Sacsayhuaman and its surroundings by respecting the rules and regulations of the site. Do not leave trash, do not touch or damage the archaeological structures, and respect the local flora and fauna during your visit.
By following these recommendations, you will be able to fully enjoy your visit to the Sacsayhuaman fortress and appreciate its historical and cultural importance in the region of Cusco, Peru.
