Archaeological Site of Runkurakay | Cusco
The archaeological site of Runkurakay is located in Peru, in the Cusco region, on the route of the Inca Trail that connects Cusco with Machu Picchu. More specifically, it is located on the stretch of the Inca Trail between the ruins of Sayacmarca and Phuyupatamarca, at an altitude of approximately 3,800 meters above sea level. It is part of the road network built by the Incas and is believed to have had surveillance and control functions during the Inca period.
The term “Runkurakay” comes from the Quechua language, which was spoken by the Incas and is still spoken by some communities in the Andes of Peru and other South American countries. In Quechua, “Runkurakay” can be interpreted in different ways depending on the context, but its exact meaning is not entirely clear.
Some suggest that “Runkurakay” could mean “round ruin” or “disk-shaped place”, since the main structure at the archaeological site has a circular shape. However, since Quechua is a rich and complex language, it is also possible that it has other meanings or connotations that are not obvious to the naked eye. In many cases, the precise meaning of Quechua names has been lost or has become uncertain over time.
History of the RunkSurakay Archaeological Site | Cusco
The specific chronological history of Runkurakay, as an archaeological site, can be difficult to pinpoint in detail due to the limited information available and ongoing interpretations of the archaeological data. However, I can provide a general outline of its historical context:
- Inca Period (15th-16th centuries): Runkurakay was built during the height of the Inca Empire, which ruled much of the western Andes of South America in the 15th and 16th centuries. During this time, the Incas developed an extensive network of roads connecting their various territories, and Runkurakay probably formed part of this network as a checkpoint or rest area for travelers along the Inca Trail.
- Colonial Period (16th century onwards): With the arrival of the Spanish and the conquest of the Inca Empire, many of the Inca structures were abandoned or destroyed. Runkurakay probably fell into disuse during this period, although parts of the Inca Trail were still used to some extent during the colonial era.
- Rediscovery and modern study: In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, interest in Andean archaeology increased, and several explorers and archaeologists began to study and document Inca sites, including Runkurakay.
Note that this is a simplified overview of the chronological history of Runkurakay. Continued archaeological research may shed new light on its specific history and significance.
How to get to Runkurakay?
To get to Runkurakay, you generally follow the Inca Trail, which is a popular trekking route that connects Cusco with Machu Picchu. Here is a basic guide on how to get there:
- Organize a tour or purchase a permit: most people visit Runkurakay as part of an organized tour that includes the Inca Trail. If you prefer to hike independently, you will need to obtain a permit to hike the Inca Trail, as there is a daily limit on visitors and advance reservations are required.
- Start in Cusco: Most trips to the Inca Trail start in the city of Cusco, which has an international airport and is a major tourist center in Peru.
- Travel to Ollantaytambo or Km 82: From Cusco, you will travel to Ollantaytambo by bus or train. Ollantaytambo is a common starting point for trips to the Inca Trail. Alternatively, some tours start at Km 82, which is the official start of the Inca Trail
- Hiking the Inca Trail: From Ollantaytambo or Km 82, you will start walking the Inca Trail in the direction of Machu Picchu. Runkurakay is on the third day of trekking (if you are doing the classic 4-day trek), after passing through sites such as Llactapata and Warmiwañusca (the Dead Woman’s Pass).
- Visit Runkurakay: When you arrive at Runkurakay, you can explore the archaeological site and learn about its history and significance.
It is important to keep in mind that the Inca Trail is a demanding hike and requires a good physical condition. Also, as mentioned above, a permit is required to hike the Inca Trail, so be sure to organize your trip in advance and obtain the necessary permits.
Recommendations for visiting Runkurakay
When visiting Runkurakay, here are some recommendations for you to enjoy your experience to the fullest:
- Physical preparation: The Inca Trail, which includes Runkurakay, involves walking long distances and facing varied and sometimes steep terrain. It is important to be in good physical shape before undertaking this trek in order to fully enjoy it and avoid injuries.
- Adequate equipment: Be sure to bring adequate clothing and footwear for walking long distances in varied terrain and possibly in changing weather conditions. Also, bring plenty of water, sunscreen, insect repellent and a hat or cap to protect you from the sun.
- Respect for the environment: Runkurakay is an important and fragile archaeological site. Respect the signs and restrictions, and do not touch or climb on the structures. Help conserve the site by keeping it clean and taking any garbage you generate.
- Acclimatization to altitude: Cusco and the Peruvian Andes have high altitudes, so it is important to take time to acclimatize before starting the trek. Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol and caffeine, and get enough rest to allow your body to adjust to the altitude.
- Respect for local culture: Learn about the history and culture of the Incas and the people who still live in the region. Respect local traditions and be aware of your impact as a visitor on the communities you encounter along the way.
- Enjoy the scenery: The Inca Trail offers spectacular views of the Andes and the rainforest. Take time to enjoy the scenery, take pictures and connect with the nature around you.
By following these recommendations, you will have a memorable experience while visiting Runkurakay and the Inca Trail. Enjoy your adventure!
